Radiation Science and Technology

Radiation Science and Technology is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal concerned with the most recent research articles, reviews, and technical notes of exceptional significance in all fields of radiation sciences and technologies including all related applications and activities. The Radiation Science and Technology journal may cover but not limited to the following topics:

• • Radiation physics phenomena
• • Radiation dose assessment techniques
• • Radiation effects in different materials
• • Radiation processing
• • Radiation detection and metrology
• • Radiation biology
• • Radiation chemistry
• • Industrial applications of ionizing radiation
• • Radiation in the environment
• • Radiation and food technology
• • Radiation accidents management
• • Simulations techniques and methods
• • Radiation phantoms
• • Radiation legislation and regulations
• If you like, you can read all peer reviewed scientific paper in this journal for free in SciencePG:http://bit.ly/1hiGrji

Most Beautiful Pigeons of Bangladesh

Authors:

M. Ashraful Kabir

Lecturer in Zoology, Cantonment Public School and College, Saidpur Cantonment 5311, District- Nilphamari, Bangladesh

Abstract: Pigeons are not aristocratic bird but its body shape, colorful feathers, ornamentation, care, mode of breeding; availability and cost seem to be aristocratic. From the very beginning of human welfare there existed a good relation between pigeon and human.  At the dawn of human civilization pigeons are used as letter sending. Later on its tumbling is another great point for its peculiar life. These birds are more social, lovely and sophisticated and found most of the houses in rural and urban areas. Observed seven very nice pigeons are- western crowned pigeon, fantail, jacobin, frillback, pouter, trumpeter and swallow. Their breeding is not normal as local pigeon except fantail. Though the western crowned pigeon is wild but in captivity its breeding and maintenance is not bad. Though these pigeons are produced fewer squab but only 1-2 pair in a year is shown great economic value. Mentioned pigeons are chosen by peoples only on ornamental feathers except the enlarge crop of the pouter. Observed some pigeons are reared in aristocratic family of the famous people or for research affairs so that it can be easily considered as aristocratic ones. Jacobin pigeon was the best to queen Victoria. In America, trumpeter is one of the most popular breed to all. Moreover, emperor Akbar reared fantail and pouter pigeons with other pigeons and naturalist Charles Darwin established a pigeon farm in his yard for explain his book ‘variation of plants and animals under domestication’. From the history the frillback is called Darwin pigeon. Pablo Picasso and Gypsy Rose Lee like fantail pigeon and Johnny Otis is famous for swallow pigeon collection. Out of seven breeds only crown pigeon and frillback evolved by natural selection and others from artificial selection by judicious breeding. Except fantails other six pigeons need to foster pigeons for its squab rising.

Keywords: Fancy pigeons, Beautiful pigeons, Crowned pigeons

If you like, you can read the full article through the source.

Source:http://bit.ly/1fFi1PU

An assessment of the performance of a biogas digester when insulated with sawdust

Authors:

Patrick Mukumba^*, Golden Makaka, Chipo Shonhiwa

Physics Department, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, King Williams Road, Alice, 5700, South Africa

Abstract: Biogas is mixture of gases, predominantly methane and carbon dioxide, produced by anaerobic digestion. In biogas production temperature of slurry is an important parameter that affects the rate of biogas production. The biogas digester was fed with cow dung before it was insulated. Ambient, biogas and slurry temperatures were measured. The temperature sensors were connected to the CR1000 data logger. Results were collected and compared before the construction of the second wall of the digester for the insulation. There was a strong positive relationship between slurry and ambient temperatures (R²= 0.882). The results showed the interdependence of slurry, biogas and ambient temperatures. The magnitude of biogas temperatures was slightly different from slurry temperatures because of the differences in the thermal conductivity properties of concrete and brick wall. The biogas was in contact with concrete dome with a thermal conductivity of 0.2 W/ (m.K) while the digester slurry was in contact with the brick wall with a thermal conductivity of 0.8 W/ (m.K). The biogas digester that was not insulated produced biogas of average methane yield of 38%. The second wall for the biogas digester was constructed and sawdust with a thermal conductivity of 0.08 W/ (m.K) was put in the gap between the inner and outer walls of the biogas digester. The sawdust insulated digester produced average methane yield of 50% when fed with cow dung. The results showed that insulation of the surface digester improves methane yield. However, insulation does not give 100% slurry temperature stability even if the digester is built underground.

Keywords: Digester, Cow Dung, Temperature, Biogas, Insulation, Methane

Read the full article here:http://bit.ly/1ftfc4s

Debates on Land Titling

Ayele Behaylu

Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Collage of Social Science and Humanities, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia

Abstract: Countries like Ethiopia emphasis that certification process guarantees land use and transfer rights ensures tenure security, and is a vital incentive for farmers to invest in their land and improve production. The program is assumed to addresses the issue of tenure insecurity which is a chronic problem in most developing countries. Moreover, land titling has a good effect in reducing of both border and inheritance disputes. However, there are debating issues on the effect of land titling in tenure security, land management and land disputes. The aim of this study is to investigate whether land titling has resulted in insuring tenure security, assuring land management, and reducing land related disputes or not. Though land titling is not a sufficient factor for sustainable land management, it is a necessary condition so that it enables farmers to have confidence on their tenures which is a preliminary condition to start land management activities. In addition to this, land titling is vital for minimizing of land disputes.

Keywords: Land Disputes, Land Management, Land Policy, Land Titling, Tenure Security

Introduction

Land is one of the most important natural resource in which we can get different uses from it like forest products, production of crops, construction materials, and what not (Olsson and Lundmark, 2014). Though there are various factors like climate change for the deterioration of environment in general and land in particular (Towfiqul Islam, et al, 2014), tenure insecurity has a lion share for land degradation.. Tenure insecurity creates doubt on farmers t their tenure so that they will not manage properly. For the proper utilization of this resource without degradation, land titling is vital.  Land titling is a process of recording rights on land which provides safe and certain foundation of acquisition and disposal of rights in land, where disposition includes transfer, leasing or mortgage of the holding rights (Pankhurst,1966). For African countries registration of land rights is a continuing issue regarding debate in land policies. Many West African countries have instituted the process of land registration through their land legislation. Land registration and bestowing of land certificates is assumed to have many effects on different land related issues. Some of these are tenure security, sustainable land management practices, and reducing of land disputes. These issues are intended to be discussed in the following sections.

Read the full article:http://bit.ly/1gJkABo

Peer Review

Peer review is the assessment of the work done by one person or group of the people having same capability who produce the work. In this, they evaluate the quality of the work before publishing. Reviewed journals or articles are reviewed by qualified people of the same profession/subject. Peer review is important and has certain advantages. Peer review helps the reader to check the quality of the research and its merits. To make the process perfect peer review of journals is important. Journal or scientific paper is thoroughly checked by experts who make sure that information is relevant and gives detailed review of the journal.

Many new opinions can be brought to the research. Peer review removes personal favorites and ideas which are pre-set from any equation. Through peer review process lot of poor articles and journals can be stopped from publication. Peer review professionals are qualified with latest knowledge and development. This helps them to reject any copied research and papers.

Articles are reviewed and works with poor quality are removed, which saves time and money. Peer review professionals enjoy reputation and experts trust them for their work. Many researchers get attract by them and submit their papers. With peer review new and unique research is brought into focus.

Online publisher makes it sure that experts has review the journal or article and evaluates that the journal or article is not copied. It ensures that the peer professionals have thoroughly checked and discussed the theories and its contradictions. It also ensures that the result is chosen carefully with precise experiments. All conclusions made well with evidence support and verified results. Review process ensures that the standard and quality of published work has a certain level. Manuscripts are assessed under peer review. Peer review checked the whole journal and articles if they find any duplicate content then they will discard that journal or article. Science Publishing Group provides excellent  peer review with excellent experts from all of the world.

To be concluded that, Peer review judges the work of the author with merits and originality of the research.

Open Access Academic Publishers to Get Peer Reviewed Journals

In the modern times, making a research paper of one’s own has become very easy. The reason is that so many works have been done on the topics and subject areas used selected for research. Accessing the past research papers is also not a difficult task as well because so many peer reviewed scientific journals are made available by academic publishers. Still accessing these resources of knowledge in the form of scientific papers and science current events is not an easy task. There are many barriers placed by the producers in the form of heavy fees, charges and subscription charges etc,

This does not mean that an ordinary person or student can’t open access an academic journal or peer review articles, published in well recognized and reputable journals. Online academic publishers like SciencePG provide an opportunity to both knowledge seekers as well as writers to use the platform for their purpose. Any open access publisher like Science Publishing Group give free access to earners ad scholars. Peer reviewed journal articles can’t be comparable an ordinary web content in any way. The reason is that content in these websites simply shows a biased overview of the topic. Due to search engine optimization techniques content is based on desires of the target audience.

Following this suit writers and website owners who are just bloggers simply ignore the ground realities. Scientific papers and articles published in any peer reviewed journal are much more different. Research presented in them is sponsored by some official authority like some research institution or educational institution like world famous universities. The research papers follow a proper methodology starting from research proposal, literature review and then a well planned research conducted on scientific grounds. All this is done by following a process of observation, inference, experiment, theory, law and predictions.  Online platform that provides open access to such valuable resources in the form of valuable academic journals is the right place for knowledge seekers and learners.

Why do we need write Research Papers ?

I do not know if all university students need to write papers on their studies, but in my eyes, write a paper on their study and research is really necessary. Why do I say that?

First, whether which discipline you are studing, such as science, lingustique, management, economy, etc. You must complete a thesis on the subject you study at the end of each semester, and your teacher will give you a note on the quality of your thesis, it is natural. So write a paper of your study, it is something necessary we should do in our life of study.

Third, if you can finish your research papers with your talented idea, it not only shows your learning outcomes, but also your ability of study and research. You know that you must show your research brief to everyone who is interested about this, knowing that they can understand and learn your success, your notes of study or search result, is not it?Second, the writing method is often varied, but that there is a principle: we write our papers according to the subject we studied and used the scientic methods, such as the analytical method, statistical method, research method and etc. In addition, the discipline that we studied also need different methods to finish writing our papers successfully.

Well, if you understand the importance of this, you must know how to write a good research paper, the three major tructs are: title, content and conclusion. It is well known that a good title will help guide the direction of your thesis, enriching content and meaning of knowledge will increase the readability of an article, and a significant conclusion is the center of a paper. When you made these points, you can send your article to a suitable journal and published in an online journal, like the journlas of SciencePG. Science Publishing Group is a group onlin who publish all kind of journlals about study an resarch. Now, if you want your paper will be read by more people who are intrested in your subject, you can submit your paper at a journal suitable of Science Publishing Group, or other group of publishing you like.

This way there will be many people can see and read your article, and you can access an exchange with them, and it will help with your study and your research. If your research paper is good enough, maybe you can get a place important in your field respective.

Open Access the Universally Acknowledged Scientific Papers Published in Peer Reviewed Academic Journals

Evolution and ever changing nature of this universe keeps on adding to existing knowledge. This existing knowledge is analyzed and new outcomes are produced to satiate ever increasing human needs. In order to have a firm grasp on subject matter one needs to keep himself updated with events and happenings in the same field. This does not mean that one should only know about latest news, critical analyses of theories, practices and knowledge produced in the field in the form scientific papers is necessary too. The best place to look for these research papers and academic articles are peer reviewed scientific journals.

In many cases the real problem arises when someone is unable to access these academic journals. There are very few academic publishers who provide open access to such valuable content. Very often the knowledge is barred from general audience. These peer reviewed journal articles remain confined within the territories of certain institutions and libraries. Many students who can afford to access any academic journal are forced to visit the websites and blogs that only contain articles written in the form of general opinion. This opinion is biased and lacks critical analysis.

Still there is SciencePG, an open access publisher that readily allows visitors to consult any academic journal. It is a simple fact that research conducted on scientific grounds matters more than a simple opinion cited in some website. Science Publishing Group does not only grant open access to students but also allows scholars and experts from the field of mathematics, social sciences, life sciences, management sciences, arts and linguistics to peer review articles published in any academic journal. Peer reviewed articles act a rich source of knowledge to analyze. This lets to come across different opinions on some research conducted on scientific grounds and lets viewers to get an authentic reference material for their own scientific papers.

SCIENCE PUBLISHING GROUP

Science Publishing Group, is a group that publishes scientific papers, that shows different aspects and free online access and openings, of the surveys of scientific findings.  These papers signify the concerted endeavors of several scientists and researchers with diverse specialties, are published from time to time, and are aimed at conveying and sharing with the scientific society the advancement of science today.  It is presented in a way to prove to scientists that the work done is significant, convincing and applicable to others in the field, and obtaining their appreciation and criticism.  These papers are generally circulated after thorough evaluation of its suitability for publication.

 

It is noteworthy to note that Science Publishing Group makes it their business to publish only peer reviewed journals as it is really essential to evaluate the class of the articles submitted to them by scientists and scholars, for publication on their website http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com  in order to ensure that they are worthy of publication.  All scientific papers and journals submitted to their group is reviewed by peers of each discipline for accuracy, legitimacy of the tactics used in the study and methods, to ensure that all standards are met to epitomize the foremost study practices in each subject.

 

The Science Publishing Group has to ensure that all the scientific papers published are of high scholarly standards and are significant to the studies conducted by the scientists. All authors have to follow the procedure set out by our company prior to the publication of the article. The articles should be sent to the editor who will in turn hand it over to the specialist in the subject area. It is absolutely important and essential to ensure high quality of the articles published on our website, as they are read and reviewed by professors and scholars worldwide.